In my last post, commenter David pointed out that Symbian OS controls the biggest slice of the smartphone pie but I never talk about that platform.

One hard won lesson over the years is that the platform with the biggest market share isn’t necessarily the best platform for development. And that’s why I rarely talk about Symbian. It’s not that I have some European bias or that I don’t want to develop for overseas markets, it’s that no one knows they have a Symbian device! And if the customer doesn’t know it then the developers can’t sell to them.

So I thought I’d do a little SWOT Analysis from a developers perspective on why each platform has and does not have merit. I’m going to focus this post on the S (strengths) and W (weaknesses) portion. I’ve written many times on various platforms O (opportunities) and T (threats). In alphabetical order:

Android

Strengths:

• Growing rapidly, lots of buzz
• Multiple hardware partners (potentially more devices)
• Deep-pocketed backer (Google) who sees this as strategic
• Attracting name-brand developers
• NDK supports C engine
• On all carriers

Weaknesses:

• Poor app store experience (hear say)
• Customers aren’t buying tons of software yet
• Development environment is Java (this is great if you are a Java developer but most of the mobile world is focused around C)

BlackBerry

Strengths:

• Strong growth, second largest smartphone OS sold
• Entrenched in enterprise
• On all carriers worldwide

Weaknesses:

• Poor app store experience/not installed on all devices
• Biggest sales to enterprise and consumers. Enterprise has devices locked down, consumers don’t buy software
• Development environment is Java (this is great if you are a Java developer but most of the mobile world is focused around C)
• Fundamentally two different operating systems between touch and non-touch devices

iPhone OS

Strengths:

• Strong growth, not lacking for buzz
• Controlled infrastucture means incredible user experience (easy to buy apps and install, syncs seamlessly with desktop, etc.)
• Attracting name-brand developers
• Development in C (or off-shoot anyway that supports ANSII C/C++)
• Customers buying tons of software

Weaknesses:

• Lengthy release cycles
• Apps are really cheap and expectations are set
• On only one carrier per country
• App Store as only purchase location means limited means to market, apps easily lost in the noise

Symbian

Strengths:

• On more smartphones than any other operating system
• Development in C
• Multiple sales locations
• On all carriers worldwide
• Has leading hardware vendor (Nokia) backing it

Weaknesses:

• Most users don’t know they have a Symbian device
• Multiple versions of the OS makes development costlier

webOS

Strengths:

• Development in standard web technologies with (rumor has it) the best mobile development environment
• Moving to Verizon and AT&T this year
• Very few developers

Weaknesses:

• Minuscule market share
• Very US centric at this point
• Does the perception that Palm won’t survive turn into reality?
• Very few name brand developers

Windows Mobile

• Uh… hmmm…

The bottom line, to me, is that platforms like Windows Mobile and Symbian are hard on developers. There just isn’t the momentum, recognition to make that work. Android and iPhone are clearly outpacing everyone else at this point and generating the buzz. The platforms keep improving and changing. BlackBerry is border line. While it has lots of die-hard users, the app store experience is poor (mostly because it’s not pre-installed) and the customers aren’t buying en masse.

In my mind, webOS is a wild card. If the goal is to maximize revenue in 2010 and 2011, I’d look very closely at it. I think device sales are going to triple or quadruple with AT&T and Verizon on board. With all the buzz on iPhone and Android, and all that buzz attracting developers, a smaller pool might mean less competitors and higher prices, which in turn could translate to higher revenues.

Let’s be honest, though. We are talking about the potential to build small businesses. If you’re goal is to support a family, right on! This SWOT analysis is for you. If your goal is to build an Angel or VC fund-able business, focus on a more global approach that incorporates the web and how mobile is an extension. After 13 years, I just don’t see a big business for third-party developers writing only for the mobile device.

The launch of Google’s Nexus One phone is great news for mobile developers. Now that Android can show the kind of functional and market presence as the iPhone, the market for mobile applications is quickly coalescing around these two platforms and they will likely dominate mobile computing for the vast majority of consumers and prosumers.*

First I want to comment that when I talk about mobile computing I’m not just talking about smartphones. I’m actually talking about the rise of an array of mobile computing machines that includes smartphones but also includes other notebook-sized devices traditionally called tablets. (It’s only a matter of time before we start replacing spiral bound notebooks with some sort of computing device. Microsoft is expected to show one today at CES, Apple has an announcement coming up in late January, and don’t let anyone fool you into believing that we won’t see Android/ChromeOS-powered notepads real soon.)

The beauty is that, in order to support all of these devices, developers will have to be an expert in only a couple of development languages and device-specific APIs. And with the market forming around two platforms we will start to see real innovation around third-party development tools that allow us to write once, use everywhere as these tools can be honed for a small group of devices and screen sizes.

Will 2010 be the year of mobile computing? I think so. I think this is the year where standardized form factors become the norm, where a couple of platforms take control and become the thought and market leaders in the space, and where consumers start to adopt these devices en masse.

* This is not a comment about enterprise devices, where BlackBerry and Windows Mobile are still dominant. I still believe RIM can catch up in prosumer but they have a lot of work to do. I also think that we naturally expect touch and this is something that RIM just doesn’t do well yet. The fact that RIM is primarily a non-touchscreen device company also makes it hard for developers. We build expertise in an interaction model and that model, with iPhone and Android leading the way, is touch screens.